Driving construction



Feb. 4, 1941. E. H. PIRON 2,230,414

'DRIVING CONSTRUCTION Filed May 21, 19:58

VIIIl'IIl'IIIIIIl in. r &-M

ATTORNEY.

Patented Feb. 4,1941 4 PATENT OFFICE,

DRIVING CONSTRUCTION Emil -H. Piron, New York, N. Y., assignor toTransit Research Corporation, a corporation of New York Application May21, 1938, Serial No. 209,248

3 Claims.

This invention relates to the connection of metallic parts and has forits object to provide means permitting easy relative movement of theparts under small forces in predetermined direc- 5 tion s, eitherlongitudinally, laterally or rotationally, and direct transmission. ofgreater forces therebetween in one or more other directions.

In my Patent No. 2,069,270, issued February 2, 1937, an example of twometallic parts connected for substantial movement in one direction andlesser movement in another direction is illustrated. The problem therewas to provide'substantial vertical load carrying deflection and tocushion fore and aft driving and braking forces. Rubber shear elementslent themselves to such application. However, it becomes desirable, insome cases, to provide motions in other than axial directions as wheresoft torsional resistance is to be combined with very stiffcharacteristics at right angles to the torque axis and also tomaterially alter the relation of the vertical and horizontalresistances. It is, therefore, an object of this invention to provide aconnection or coupling or articulation wherein the desired relativeresistances to motions in different directions may be alteredduringdesi'gn through a wide range.

A specific object is to provide an articulation which will yieldinglyoppose all tendencies ofthe two parts to rattle, and which will permitsolid driving connection of the parts when one is called upon totransmit forces to the other thereof in a direction normal to the axisof one of said parts. More particularly, it is an object of thisinvention to provide two metallic parts arranged for relative rotation,one on the other, and to incorporate a resilient means, as for instance,one or more masses of rubber in or adjacent the articulationthereof insuch manner that the rubber will 40 serve as a cushion against relativemovements of the parts toward and away from'each other,

but which will not participate in the transmission of major forces byone of said parts.

Another object is to provide an articulation between parts, such forinstance, as the brake shoe of a rail vehicle and its supporting arm,where relative rotation of the parts is secondary to the transmission offorces through the center of rotation and to provide elasticmeans forsuspending one of the parts in the other thereof, the elastic meansacting to prevent contact of the parts except when forces intended to betransmitted are applied to one of the parts, theelastic means' alsoyieldingly resisting relative rotation of 'the parts, preferably intorsion. In the-instance cited, the primary function of the shoesupport, aside from positioning the shoe, is to transmit the forces bywhich the shoe is pressed against its wheel tire. The articulation is toobtaiiruniform pressures over the working surface of the shoe. The.elastic means, hereinafter more fully explained, participates in thefunction of positioning the shoe laterally of'the wheel, it preventsrattling of the parts and it resiliently opposes relative rotation ofthe parts. i Other objects and advantages will become more fullyapparent as reference is had to the accompanying drawing wherein myinvention is illustrated, and in which c Fig. 1 is a diametriclongitudinal view of two 15 members articulated according to myinvention, Fig. 2 is a diametric transverse section taken along the line22 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing a modification thereof, 0

' mounted on a brake arm according to my invention analogous to theshowing of Figs. 1 and 2, 25

Fig.' 6 is a section taken along the line 6-6 of Fig. 7 is a viewsimilar to Fig.5 showing a modified form' of connection, and

concentrically in a-housing 2 of substantially35 larger inside diameterthan the diameter of the shaft.= Two spaced rings 3. of elastic.material separate the shaft and housing and hold them in concentricrelation. Inside the housing2 is a metallic ring or sleeve 4, the insidediameter of 40 which is larger than the diameter of the shaftso that aclearance space 5 is provided therebetween which may be employed as acontainer for lubricant. -In operation, the shaft I may rotate through asubstantial number of degrees rela- 45 tive to the housing I in whichcase torsion is imposed on the rings 3, but there is no metallic con--.tact between the ,shaft and-the sleeve or betweerr the shaft andhousing. Also the shaft may move axially of the housing 2 and sleeve 4,such move- 59 ment being resisted by the rings 3 in shear. In addition,the shaft I may move radially of the housing and sleeve by an amountless than the distance across the space 5, the movements thuscontemplated being such as might be caused b37 51 Fig. 5' '8 is ahorizontal section taken along the 30 line 8-8 of Fig. 7,an'd e 35 tweenthe forks '9 and carries a transverse pin l2 tact of the brakingsurfaces.

the normal vibrations of the vehicle .or m'echa nismofwhichtheparts Iand2 areapart.However, when the member I is employed to transmit a majorforce to the member 2 or vice versa, the rings 3 deform sumciently toallow of contact be- ,tween the sleeve 4 and the shaft I, thus giving asolid metallic connection. The same will be true in circumstances, forinstance, as where the member i is a support for a brake arm l5,hereinafter described in connection with Fig. 7 and where the member 2is fixedly supported on a rail truck so that it acts merely as anabutment during brake applications.

Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate a modification in which the shaft laisconcentric with the housing 2a. A

bearing segment 8, preferably of less than 180 ments and resistresiliently relative rotation of I the shaft to and housing 211 intorsion.

Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate my invention serving in a railway brake shoeand brake shaft assembly. The brake shoe 8 has an extension terminatingin fork arms 9 having aligned openings Ill transversely therethrough.The brake arm II which supports the brake shoe and by which brakeapplying forces are applied, extends bewhich extends through theopenings ill. The

inside diameter of the openings II is larger than the diameter of thepin l2 and sleeves IQ of elastic material connect the pin to theinterior surfaces of the openings. The arrangement is such that, a freespace or gap 14 between the forks I normally exists between the arm IIand the shoe I. 1

In operation, the sleeves l3 prevent rattling 'of the arm ll andshoe I.When the arm actuates the shoe 8 to apply the brakes the arm contactsthe shoe by deforming the sleeves l and closing the gap H.

the torsion of the sleeves ii to permit full con In Figs. 7 and 8, thebrake arm l5 has a rounded end II for engagement with the rounded endportion of the brake shoe l1. .The arm It has a pin it extendingtransversely therethrough and outwardly at each side thereof forattachment of two elastic connecting members II which extend partiallyacross the shoe l1 and which are attached to the shoe in somesuitablemanner as by the pins 20.

g In operation, the showing of Figs. 7 and 8 may be considered either asthe normal position of the parts or as the position of the parts duringbrake application. If considered as the normal pomtion then theelastic'straps or connections I! are preferably under constant tensiontohold the surface ii in engagement with the adjacent surface of the shoeI! to prevent rattling. When The shoe may rotate against other member.

the arm l5 actuates the shoe forbrake application, the friction surfaceof the shoe will be pressed against its wheel and the shoe may thenrotate on the surface It, while deforming the.

strapsis, to find its greatest contact with the wheel.

If the showings of Figs. '1 and 8 are considered as illustrating theposition of the parts during brake application then the straps I! may beconsidered as under compression so-that upon release of the brakes andreturn of the parts to normal position, the surface It will be separatedfrom theadjacent brake shoe surface, the straps 19 having sufllcientrigidity to prevent rattling side circumference to fit snugly into thewalls of their openings and an inside circumference to fit the pin. Thusthe member Ba is supported through the elastic elements 23 until themember I la exerts sumcient pressure to cause a flowing of the elasticelements and a contact between the pin I21: and the surfaces 2|whereupon pressure between the main members is transmitted throughmetallic contacts.

What is claimed is: r

1. The combination of -abrake arm member, a 'brake shoe member having arearward forked extension between the forks of which said brake armextends, a pin extending through said members as a connecting meanstherefor rigidly secured to one of said members and in spaced relationwith the other thereof, and elastic means in the space between said pinand said other member, said elastic means opposing relative rotation ofsaid arm and said shoe in torsion, said elastic material being adaptedto deform, under radial forces whereby said arm contacts said shoe forpurposes of brake application.

2. The combination of'a brake arm member, a brake shoe member having arearward-forked extension between the forks of which said brake armextends, said forks having aligned openings therethrough, a pinextending transversely throughsaid arm and rigidly connected thereto andalso extending into said openings, and an elastic ring between said pinand each of said openings yieldingly resisting relative movements ofsaid arm and said shoe, said arm directly contacting said shoe betweensaid forks during brake applying forces by said arm.

3. The combination of a brake arm member, a brake shoe member, one ofsaid members having a pin extending transversely therethrough "andprojecting laterally therefrom, said two members having portions adaptedto contact one another for the transmission ofpressure directly from oneto-the other, and elastic means connecting the projecting-ends of thepin to the EMZIL H. PIRON.

